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toothpaste citations

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  1. ODA Suggested Fee Guide for General Practitioners (2022) - Ontario Dental Association https://publish.uwo.ca/~kzhou54/downloads/Fee_Guide-2022_General-Practitioners_FINAL_Online.pdf

  2. Colgate, Glaxo sue over toothpaste "nurdle" (2010) - Jonathan Stempel via Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/business/colgate-glaxo-sue-over-toothpaste-nurdle-idUSTRE66S5RD/

  3. About Us - Aquafresh https://www.aquafresh.com/en-gb/about-us/

  4. Understanding Market Segmentation: A Comprehensive Guide (2025) - Henry Hoenig via investopedia.com https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketsegmentation.asp

  5. Fluoride - National Institutes of Health https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Fluoride-HealthProfessional/#h10

  6. A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of fluoridation (2008) - C Albert Young via National Library of Medicine https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18584000/

  7. Fluoride and Oral Health - Government of Canada https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/healthy-living/your-health/environment/fluorides-human-health.html

  8. What the Evidence Says about Fluoride in Drinking Water (2024) - Saima S. Iqbal via Scientific American https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fluoride-in-drinking-water-is-safe-heres-the-evidence/

  9. Sack and sugar, and the aetiology of gout in England between 1650 and 1900 (2012) - Christopher J Rivard et al. via British Journal of Rheumatology https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233750937_Sack_and_sugar_and_the_aetiology_of_gout_in_England_between_1650_and_1900#pf4

  10. Tooth - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/science/tooth-anatomy

  11. Tooth Erosion - Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/tooth-erosion

  12. Genetic Mutations That Confer Fluoride Resistance Modify Gene Expression and Virulence Traits of Streptococcus mutans (2021) - Hyeon-Jeong Lee et al. via Microorganisms https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/4/849

  13. Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History - Sidney W. Mintz https://is.muni.cz/el/fss/jaro2017/SAN106/_Sidney_W._Mintz__Sweetness_and_Power.pdf

  14. Acute fluoride toxicity from ingesting home-use dental products in children, birth to 6 years of age (1997) - JD Schulman et al via National Library of Medicine https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9383753/

  15. Acute toxicity of ingested fluoride (2011) - Gary Milton Whitford via National Library of Medicine https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21701192/

  16. The State of Community Water Fluoridation across Canada (2022) - Government of Canada https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/community-water-fluoridation-across-canada.html

  17. 2022 Water Fluoridation Statistics - CDC https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/php/statistics/2022-water-fluoridation-statistics.html

  18. Average fluoride dose in water:

    a. U.S. Public Health Service Recommendation for Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water for the Prevention of Dental Caries (2015) - Public Health Report via National Library of Medicine https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4547570/
    b. Average fluoride dose in toothpaste: Fluoride: Topical and Systematic Supplements - American Dental Association https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/fluoride-topical-and-systemic-supplements

  19. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (Fourth Edition) - World Health Organization https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/b437749a-43f7-472f-a6d9-42596e8ac0ae/content

  20. Fluorosis - Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23227-fluorosis

  21. Fluoride in Our Tap Water (2009) - Katie Engelhart et al via The Canadian Enclcyopedia https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fluoride-in-our-tap-water

  22. Timeline for Community Water Fluoridation (2024) - CDC https://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/timeline-for-community-water-fluoridation/index.html